Saysistema na panagpasimbalo na kuryente(PCS) so interface na baterya tan say power grid odino AC load. Agto labat nadetermina so kalidad na kuryente tan saray dinamikon katangian na output na sistema na panagtipon na enerhiya na baterya, no ag ingen makabkabaliksan met so epekto to ed kaligenan tan karukey na bilay na baterya. Base ed circuit topology tan transformer configuration, saray manunan klase na PCS et nayarin naapag ed power-frequency step-up type tan high-voltage direct-connection type, a singa nanengneng ed pigura.
Diad kaplesan, say boltahe na saray conventional battery clusters et ag onlampas ed 1500V, tan walay pigaran fluctuation range depende ed state of charge (SOC). Kanian, pian makaadapta ed boltahe ya nakaukolan na nanduruman power grid o karga, say power frequency transformer et mabetbet ya i-configure ed AC side na PCS (Power Conversion System). Saya so aglabat makadampot na AC voltage boosting odino regulasyon, no ag ingen makatulong met ed pamawala na three-phase four-wire systems ed off-grid systems pian makapangiter na single-phase loads. Niarum ni, napaaligwas to so proteksion tan say pangisebel ed electromagnetic compatibility na sistema na panagtipon na enerhiya.
Base ed bilang na yugtan, say power frequency step-up type PCS et nayarin naapag ed single-stage tan double-stage topologies.
Say power-frequency step-up single-stage PCS et mangiyoopresi na atagey ya efficiency tan simplin istruktura; balet, mansasakit itan lapud abeban kapasidad na baterya tan limitadon pakayarin manpili na boltahe. Sakey ni, say short-circuit fault ed DC side na PCS et mainomay ya pansengegan na baleg ya current surge ed battery pack, ya mangiter na baleg a peligro. Say single-stage PCS et nayarin iklasipika met ed duaran-level, taloran-level, odino multi-level ya sistema base ed output voltage level. No ondarakel so lebel, say DC voltage level tan output power quality na PCS et lalon napaaligwas, a singa nanengneng ed pigura.
Say power-frequency boost-type two-stage PCS, a singa nanengneng ed Figure 2-22, et aka-configure na bidirectional DC/DC converter diad battery input terminal, ya mamaaligwas ed kapasidad na battery pack tan mamaaligwas ed inka-flexible na boltahe, makapanggawa na independentin panagpili na battery packs. Balet, atagey so gastos to, medyo komplikado so panangontrol, tan abeba so inkaepektibo to. Base ed nanduruman istruktura na DC/DC converter, say duaran-stage PCS et nayarin naapag ed aliwan-isolated tan isolated ya klase. Say nisulinek ya duaran-stage PCS et lalon mamaaligwas ed voltage transformation ratio tan mas malaknab so battery voltage adaptability to, balet say desinyo na baleg-kapasidad ya nisulinek ya high-boost ratio bidirectional DC/DC converter et mangiiter na baleg iran angat ed teknikal. Saray manunan problema et kaiba so high-voltage transformer design, system insulation, phase-shift o series resonant soft switching, tan high power density design.
Parad saray lithium-ion ya baterya, ya kaslakan ya uusaren ed angkakabaleg iran sistema na panagtipon na enerhiya, say boltahe ya ompaway et ag-ondumaan a maong no say estado na karga (SOC) et walad loob na 15% anggad 85%. Kanian, maslak ed saray baleg-kapasidad ya sistema na panag-iponpon na enerhiya ya uusaren natan ed bansak et manguusar na sakey-stage power conversion system (PCS). Balet, legan ya onaasingger ed 1500V so boltahe na DC, lalon nausar so taloran-level ya istruktura na topolohiya. Say 1500V ya sistema na panagtipon na enerhiya na baterya et mamapaabeba ed nakaukolan ya footprint tan say pangusar na saray kagawaan ed kuryente a singa saray switch box tan DC cables, kanian nabawasan so gastos ed sistema anggad pigaran laknab. Balet, lapud antikey so distansya na baterya tan say PCS, ag to naitdan na baleg ya ibawas so DC transmission losses ya nanengneng ed angkakabaleg iran photovoltaic power plants. Niarum ni, mas atagey so pankaukolan na saray kabiangan a singa say bidirectional DC circuit breakers tan bidirectional DC contactors. Say electrical safety tan proteksion ya desinyo na DC circuit et sakey a manunan angat ed pangiyaplika ed sayan sistema.
Pian nagawaan so pangiyaplika na ultra-angkakabaleg-scale ya battery energy storage power stations, tan pian napaliisan so parallel ya koneksyon na dakel ya battery pack, tan pian napaliisan so pakalukpos na saray power frequency transformer tan nabawasan so gastos, say high-voltage direct-connected PCS ya walay modular cascaded structure et nagmaliw ya manunan direksion na panagsukimat. Mipara ed power frequency step-up PCS, say high-voltage direct-connected PCS et nayarin naapag met ed single-stage tan two-stage topologies unong ed bilang na power conversion stages.
Say cascaded single-stage PCS et makapangipaway na atagey a boltahe ya anggapoy power frequency transformer, ya direktan makakonekta ed atagey-voltage ya power grid, kanian matukoy itan parad pangipaalagey na ultra-angkakabaleg iran-eskala iran sistema na panagtipon na enerhiya. Say cascaded ya istruktura et makagamor na multi-level ya output, ya mangiseguro na abeban output voltage harmonics anggano abeba so switching frequency ed indibidual iran module, kanian nabawasan so switching losses. Balet, say cascaded single-stage PCS et mankaukolan na mutual insulation ed DC side, kanian manresulta ed atagey ya insulation stress parad abeban output voltages, kanian kaukolan so espisyal ya desinyo. Wala ray common-mode current paths ed baetan na kada battery pack tan say dalin, ya mankaukolan na solusyon parad common-mode current suppression.
Say charging tan discharging currents na saray battery pack et walaan na second-harmonic ripple, ya negatibon makaapekto ed current path na battery tan mamaaligwas ed gastos. Saray cascaded single-stage PCSs et nayarin naapag ed H-bridge cascaded tan modular multilevel converter (MMC) cascaded ya klase, a singa nanengneng ed pigura.
Diad inkalapagan, say high-voltage direct-connection PCS (Power Conversion System) et manunan solusyon pian naresolbe iray angat ed kaligenan tan inkaepektibo ya itatarok na ultra-baleg a kapasidad na saray sistema na panagtipon na enerhiya. Balet, kaukolan toy atagey ya insulation ed parehon battery pack tan say isolated DC/DC converter, ya manlimitad malaknab ya panangusar tan pangiyaplika ed satan. Niarum ni, wala ray angat ed panag-stack, koneksyon na kuryente, tan desinyo na kaligenan na saray sistema na baterya ya baleg so kapasidad da.